A command in UNIX is a program that tells UNIX system to perform certain task. A typical UNIX command can be divided into following components:
1. The command
2. command options
2. command options
3. command arguments
General syntax: $<command> [options] {arguments1,arguments2..}
Lets take example of listing command "ls" to understand the UNIX command structure.
In the above example we have used ls command in three ways:
1. ls command without options and arguments
2. ls command with option -l which means log listing.
3. ls command with option -l and argument testfile.txt which is the file name for which we want to see the details.
Now, let us explore few basic UNIX commands which we will be using quite frequently while working on a UNIX environment.
Some Basic UNIX Commands
| Command | Description | Sample Output |
|---|---|---|
| date | Displays Current Date & Time | Fri Feb 6 22:13:16 PST 2015 |
| who | Info about all logged in user | khushi pts/307 2015-02-05 13:35 (152.69.36.25) rani pts/313 2015-02-03 10:49 (152.69.36.25) raju pts/311 2015-02-06 15:24 (10.159.106.213) ravi pts/324 2015-02-06 01:45 (144.20.169.171) |
| who am i | Info about the present user | root pts/52 2015-02-06 22:13 (10.191.202.3) |
| echo | Prints at the terminal | $ echo "Shell Script" Shell Script |
| ls | list files and directories | For more information visit the following link: http://solarisfacts.blogspot.in/p/solaris-file-system.html |
| cat <file name> | Displays the content of the file. | cat test.txt This is a test file. |
| wc | Counts the number of Lines, characters, words from a file | $ wc -l test.txt 6 test.txt $ wc -c test.txt 122 test.txt $ wc -w test.txt 29 test.txt |
| cp <Source File> <Destination File> | Copies a files from specified source to destination | |
| mv <Source File> <Destination File> | Moves a files from specified source to destination | |
| rm | removes file or directory | rm rm -r # to remove a directory rm -f# force remove |
| pwd | Displays current working directory | $ pwd /home/raviranjan |
| cd | Change directory | cd /var |
| mkdir | To create a directory | mkdir test |
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